Chapter – 16 – Shloka – 1
All of the significant qualities in all beings such as: freedom from fear, purity of mind and heart, stability in knowledge and concentration, generosity in charity, self-control, sacrifice, constant study of the holy Scriptures, piousness and straightforwardness.
श्रीभगवान् बोले —–भय का सर्वथा अभाव, अन्त:करण की पूर्ण निर्मलता, तत्व ज्ञान के लिये ध्यान योग में निरन्तर दृढ. स्थिति और सात्विक दान, इन्द्रियों का दमन, भगवान्, देवता और गुरुजनों की पूजा तथा अग्निहोत्र आदि उत्तम कर्मों का आचरण एवं वेद शास्त्रों का पठन-पाठन तथा भगवान् के नाम और गुणों का कीर्तन, स्वधर्म पालन के लिये कष्ट सहन और शरीर तथा इन्द्रियों के सहित अन्त:करण की सरलता ।। १ ।।
Chapter – 16 – Shloka – 2
…Non-violence, truth, freedom from anger, detachment from all things, peacefulness (with mind and self), restraint from finding faults with others, compassion towards all living beings, detachment from greedy craving, gentleness, modesty, and stability of the mind and emotions.
मन, वाणी और शरीर किसी प्रकार भी किसी को कष्ट न देना, यथार्थ और प्रिय भाषण, अपना अपकार करने वाले पर भी क्रोध का न होना, कर्मों में कर्तापन के अभिमान का त्याग, अन्त:करण की उपरति अर्थात् चित्त की चञ्चलता का अभाव, किसी की भी निन्दादि न करना, सब भूत प्राणियों में हेतुरहित दमा, इन्द्रियों का विषयों के साथ संयोग होने पर भी उनमें आसक्ति का न होना कोमलता, लोक और शास्त्र से विरुद्भ आचरण में लज्जा और व्यर्थ चेष्टाओं का अभाव ।। २ ।।
Chapter – 16 – Shloka – 3
Vigour, an attitude of forgiveness towards others, courage, purity, goodwill, towards others, and freedom from pride. All of these, dear Arjuna, are considered by Me to be the great characteristics of a man who possesses a divine nature and has come into this world from heaven.
तेज, क्षमा, धैर्य, बाहर की शुद्भि एवं किसी में भी शत्रु भाव का न होना और अपने में पूज्यता के अभिमान का अभाव —–ये सब तो हे अर्जुन ! दैवी सम्पदा को लेकर उत्पन्न हुए पुरुष के लक्षण हैं ।। ३ ।।
Chapter – 16 – Shloka – 4
Characteristics such as deceitfulness, arrogance, excessive pride, anger, harshness, rudeness and ignorance are the makings of a man who has been born on to this earth from fiery hell.
हे पार्थ ! दम्भ, घमण्ड और अभिमान तथा क्रोध, कठोरता और अज्ञान भी —-ये सब आसुरी सम्पदा को लेकर उत्पन्न हुए पुरुष के लक्षण हैं ।। ४ ।।
Chapter – 16 – Shloka – 5
The qualities that exist within a person with a divine nature, leads that person to a blissful freedom and liberation from this world and all its material objects. However the evil traits that are found in a person with a demonic nature, blinds that person to this world and to the sensual objects it contains. But grieve not, beloved Devotee of Mine, you have been born with a divine personality and your final and ultimate destination is heaven.
दैवी-सम्पदा मुक्त्ति के लिये और आसुरी-सम्पदा बाँधने के लिये मानी गयी है । इसलिये हे अर्जुन ! तू शोक मत कर ; क्योंकि तू दैवी-सम्पदा को लेकर उत्पन्न हुआ है ।। ५ ।।
Chapter – 16 – Shloka – 6
There are basically two types of beings in this world O Arjuna. The first type is known to have a pure, pious and divine nature. The second however, has a demonic and evil nature. I have explained the divine nature to you in great length, O Arjuna. Now listen dear friend . as I describe the nature of the corrupt and evil and evil-doers in this world.
हे अर्जुन ! इस लोक में भूतों की सृष्टि यानी मनुष्य समुदाय दो ही प्रकार का है, एक तो दैवी प्रकृति वाला, दूसरा आसुरी प्रकृति वाला । उनमे से दैवी प्रकृति वाला तो विस्तार पूर्वक कहा गया, अब तू आसुरी प्रकृति वाले मनुष्य समुदाय को भी विस्तार पूर्वक मुझ से सुन ।। ६ ।।
Chapter – 16 – Shloka – 7
Evil men O Partha. do not know the difference between what should and should not be done. Neither purity nor good conduct, nor even a single sign of truth exists in their hearts.
आसुर स्वभाव वाले मनुष्य प्रवृत्ति और निवृत्ति —इन दोनों को ही नहीं जानते । इसलिये उनमें न तो बाहर-भीतर की शुद्भि है, न श्रेष्ट आचरण है और न सत्य भाषण ही है ।। ७ ।।
Chapter – 16 – Shloka – 8
Men of this evil nature generally say that this world has no truth; is without a basis for morality and good-will; that no Lord exists and that nobody should show any love or devotion to Him; that there is no regular sequence (or law) of creation; and that birth is only the result of a natural union (of man and woman) and comes about due to pure lust and nothing else.
वे आसुरी प्रकृति वाले मनुष्य कहा करते हैं कि जगत् आश्रयरहित, सर्वथा असत्य और बिना ईश्वर के, अपने आप केवल स्त्री-पुरुष के संयोग से उत्पन्न है, अतएव केवल काम ही इसका कारण है । इसके सिवा और क्या है ? ।। ८ ।।
Chapter – 16 – Shloka – 9
Standing firmly by these and other wrong beliefs throughout their lives, these evil men (whose souls have become corrupt and lost), show very little intelligence and are constantly absorbed in performing their evil tasks and wrong-doings. These demonic people are the enemies of this world and its people, and are leading it to total destruction.
इस मिथ्या ज्ञान को अवलम्बन करके — जिनका स्वभाव नष्ट हो गया है तथा जिनकी बुद्भि मन्द है, वे सबका अपकार करने वाले कूरकर्मी मनुष्य केवल जगत् के नाश के लिये ही समर्थ होते हैं ।। ९ ।।
Chapter – 16 – Shloka – 10
These corrupt beings darken their souls by surrendering to obsessive and unending evil desires. They are full of deceit, false pride and stubborness. They strongly support and encourage their evil views and continue to execute their corrupt and impure tasks.
वे दम्भ, मान और मद से युक्त्त मनुष्य किसी प्रकार भी पूर्ण न होने वाली कामनाओं का आश्रय लेकर अज्ञान से मिथ्या सिद्भान्तों को ग्रहण करके और भ्रष्ट आचरणों को धारण करके संसार में विचरते हैं ।। १० ।।
Chapter – 16 – Shloka – 11
These evil-doers become obsessed with their several evil concerns and corrupt desires which remain with them all of their lives until their death. The highest goal in their lives (that is constantly on their minds), is the attainment of sensual enjoyment and material happiness in life and nothing else matters to them.
तथा वे मृत्यु पर्यन्त रहने वाली असंख्य चिन्ताओं का आश्रय लेने वाले, विषय भोगों के भोगने में तत्पर रहने वाले और ‘इतना ही सुख है’ इस प्रकार मानने वाले होते हैं ।। ११ ।।
Chapter – 16 – Shloka – 12
The Blessed Lord described:
They are bound to this world by hundreds of vain desires and hopes. They are obsessed with anger and lust. They also use unfair and often criminal means to gain enormous natural wealth in order to satisfy their neverending cravings to possess material items.
वे आशा की सैकड़ों फांसियों से बँधे हुए मनुष्य काम क्रोध के परायण होकर विषय भोगों के लिये अन्याय पूर्वक धनादि पदार्थो का संग्रह करने की चेष्टा करते हैं ।। १२ ।।
Chapter – 16 – Shloka – 13
It is common to hear people utter such things in their conversations as: ‘I have gained this today, and I shall attain this desires later. This wealth belongs to me and more wealth shall also soon be mine.’
वे सोचा करते हैं कि मैंने आज यह प्राप्त कर लिया है और अब इस मनोरथ को प्राप्त कर लूंगा । मेरे पास यह इतना धन है और फिर भी यह हो जायगा ।। १३ ।।
Chapter – 16 – Shloka – 14
The Great Lord continued to describe the thinking of the Rakshasas (demons): It is also common to hear them say:’I have destroyed this enemy to mine and in a short time, my other enemies shall also be removed from my path of enjoyment in life. I am a Lord and the only Lord. Life is mine to enjoy as I wish. I am successful, powerful and content in life.’
वह शत्रु मेरे द्वारा मारा गया और उन दूसरे शत्रुओं को भी मैं मार डालूंगा । मैं ईश्वर हूँ, ऐश्वर्य को भोगने वाला हूँ । मैं सब सिद्धियों से युक्त्त हूँ और बलवान् तथा सुखी हूँ ।। १४ ।।
Chapter – 16 – Shloka – 15,16
‘I am wealthy and come from a very well-to-do and quite noble family. Who else in the world can compare to my greatness? I shall sacrifice during religious rituals (whether I believe in them or not).
I shall give to various charities (to be celebrated as a great supporter of these charities) I shall thoroughly enjoy life as I please.’This, O Arjuna, is what people who are in a deluded,confused and corrupted state say.
These peole who are confused by many foul thoughts and evil influences, entangled in the net of unending darkness and obsessive desires for material gains, they are blackened souls who fall down into a foul hell in the end.
मै बड़ा धनी और बड़े कुटुम्ब वाला हूँ । मेरे समान दूसरा कौन है ? मैं यज्ञ करूँगा, दान दूंगा और आमोद प्रमोद करूँगा । इस प्रकार अज्ञान से मोहित रहने वाले तथा अनेक प्रकार से भ्रमित चित्त वाले मोह रूप जाल से समावृत और विषय भोगों में अत्यन्त आसक्त आसुर लोग महान् अपवित्र नरक में गिरते हैं ।। १५ – १६ ।।
Chapter – 16 – Shloka – 17
In their moments of extreme pride and glory, when their minds are clouded up by the intoxication of their (temporary) material possessions, and while having wrong intentions, they perform their sacrifices. They perform the sacrificial rituals for the sake of show disregarding all the divine laws of sacrifice.
वे अपने आपको ही श्रेष्ट मानने वाले घमण्डी पुरुष धन और मान के मद से युक्त्त होकर केवल नाम मात्र के यज्ञों द्वारा पाखण्ड से शास्त्र विधि रहित भजन करते हैं ।। १७ ।।
Chapter – 16 – Shloka – 18
These evil beings are bound forever to their chains of selfishness, pride, arrogance, violence, anger and lust, These malicious men even despise Me, the true Lord of the Universe, who dwells even in their bodies and in those also with whom they associate.
वे अहंकार, बल, घमण्ड, कामना और क्रोधादि के परायण और दूसरों की निन्दा करने वाले पुरुष अपने और दूसरे के शरीर में स्थित मुझ अन्तर्यामी से द्बेष करने वाले होते हैं ।। १८ ।।
Chapter – 16 – Shloka – 19
These devilish people who are cruel, whose soul is filled with hate, and who are among the worst men on earth, are ultimately thrown into destruction by Me the Supporter of all that is pure and who represents goodness in this world. O Arjuna, these people constantly remain in this vast cycle of constant birth and rebirth.
मैं द्बेष करने वाले पापाचारी और कूरकर्मी नराधमों को मैं संसार में बार-बार आसुरी योनियों में ही डालता हूँ ।। १९ ।।
Chapter – 16 – Shloka – 20
Furthermore, they are reborn into lower life forms and into currupt and evil families. They do not attain the highest state which is refuge in Me, O Arjuna, Instead, they choose to take the darker, lower path which leads to hell.
हे अर्जुन ! वे मूढ़ मुझको न प्राप्त होकर ही जन्म-जन्म में आसुरी योनियों को प्राप्त होते हैं, फिर उससे भी अति नीच गति को प्राप्त होते हैं अर्थात् घोर नरकों में पड़ते हैं ।। २० ।।
Chapter – 16 – Shloka – 21
O Arjuna, there are three entrances or gateways to hell, all leading to the death of the self. These particular gates are known as the gateways of lust, anger, and greed. Man should avoid these gateways all his life or he shall inevitably suffer in hell after his death.
काम, क्रोध तथा लोभ — ये तीन प्रकार के नरक के द्वार आत्मा का नाश करने वाले अर्थात् उसको अधोगति में ले जाने वाले हैं । अतएव इन तीनों को त्याग देना चाहिये ।। २१ ।।
Chapter – 16 – Shloka – 22
O son of Kunti, should a man free himself from these three doors, to hell, darkness and destruction, he discovers what is best for his inner spirit (or soul). He then ultimately reaches the highest goal by following the Supreme Path which leads to union with Me, the Supreme Spirit.
हे अर्जुन ! इन तीनों नरक के द्वार से मुक्त्त पुरुष अपने कल्याण का आचरण करता है, इससे वह परम गति को जाता है अर्थात् मुझको प्राप्त हो जाता है ।। २२ ।।
Chapter – 16 – Shloka – 23
But, he who rejects and chooses not to follow the words of the Holy Scriptures (Vedas), and surrenders to his impulses and obsessive material desires, never attains perfection. Nor does he realize everlasting joy or peace, and most of all never discovers the Supreme Pathway which leads to My heart.
जो पुरुष शास्त्र विधि को त्याग कर अपनी इच्छा से मनमाना आचरण करता है, वह न सिद्भि को प्राप्त होता है, न परम गति को और न सुख को ही ।। २३ ।।
Chapter – 16 – Shloka – 24
Therefore, O Pandava, regard the Holy Vedas as a guide to what is right and what is incorrect. Fully understand the words in these sacred writings, and most of all in this life, dutifully perform your responsibilities and work in their entirety.
इससे तेरे लिये इस कर्तव्य और अकर्तव्य की व्यवस्था में शास्त्र ही प्रमाण है । ऐसा जानकर तू शास्त्र विधि से नियत कर्म ही करने योग्य है ।। २४ ।।
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